In this guide
Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are viral infections that can affect the liver. Some patients have jaundice or weakness, but many feel normal for years. Timely testing and follow-up can reduce the risk of cirrhosis and liver complications.
Key Takeaways
- HBsAg and related hepatitis B tests
- Anti-HCV and HCV RNA for hepatitis C
- Liver function tests
- Ultrasound or FibroScan when advised
- Family screening where appropriate
How hepatitis is detected
Hepatitis B and C are usually detected through blood tests. A positive screening test may need confirmatory tests and viral load assessment.
- HBsAg and related hepatitis B tests
- Anti-HCV and HCV RNA for hepatitis C
- Liver function tests
- Ultrasound or FibroScan when advised
- Family screening where appropriate
Symptoms and warning signs
Symptoms can be mild, severe or absent. Jaundice with fever, bleeding or confusion needs urgent care.
- Yellow eyes or dark urine
- Fatigue, nausea or poor appetite
- Right upper abdominal discomfort
- Abnormal liver reports
- Swelling, black stool or confusion in advanced disease
Treatment planning
Treatment depends on virus type, viral load, liver tests, FibroScan findings, age, pregnancy status and other medical conditions. Not every patient needs immediate medicine, but every patient needs correct monitoring.
Prevention and family safety
Hepatitis B vaccination, safe injections, screened blood products and family testing are important. Patients should not share razors, toothbrushes or needles.